Extra · E4
AMATEUR PRACTICES
Station practices at a higher technical bar: advanced test equipment, interference troubleshooting, and the operating disciplines that come with running a more capable HF and VHF/UHF station.
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63 questions across 5 groups
Group E4A
- E4A01Which of the following limits the highest frequency signal that can be accurately displayed on a digital oscilloscope?
- E4A02Which of the following parameters does a spectrum analyzer display on the vertical and horizontal axes?
- E4A03Which of the following test instruments is used to display spurious signals and/or intermodulation distortion products generated by an SSB transmitter?
- E4A04How is compensation of an oscilloscope probe performed?
- E4A05What is the purpose of using a prescaler with a frequency counter?
- E4A06What is the effect of aliasing on a digital oscilloscope when displaying a waveform?
- E4A07Which of the following is an advantage of using an antenna analyzer compared to an SWR bridge?
- E4A08Which of the following is used to measure SWR?
- E4A09Which of the following is good practice when using an oscilloscope probe?
- E4A10Which trigger mode is most effective when using an oscilloscope to measure a linear power supply’s output ripple?
- E4A11Which of the following can be measured with an antenna analyzer?
Group E4B
- E4B01Which of the following factors most affects the accuracy of a frequency counter?
- E4B02What is the significance of voltmeter sensitivity expressed in ohms per volt?
- E4B03Which S parameter is equivalent to forward gain?
- E4B04Which S parameter represents input port return loss or reflection coefficient (equivalent to VSWR)?
- E4B05What three test loads are used to calibrate an RF vector network analyzer?
- E4B06How much power is being absorbed by the load when a directional power meter connected between a transmitter and a terminating load reads 100 watts forward power and 25 watts reflected power?
- E4B07What do the subscripts of S parameters represent?
- E4B08Which of the following can be used to determine the Q of a series-tuned circuit?
- E4B09Which of the following can be measured by a two-port vector network analyzer?
- E4B10Which of the following methods measures intermodulation distortion in an SSB transmitter?
- E4B11Which of the following can be measured with a vector network analyzer?
Group E4C
- E4C01What is an effect of excessive phase noise in an SDR receiver’s master clock oscillator?
- E4C02Which of the following receiver circuits can be effective in eliminating interference from strong out-of- band signals?
- E4C03What is the term for the suppression in an FM receiver of one signal by another stronger signal on the same frequency?
- E4C04What is the noise figure of a receiver?
- E4C05What does a receiver noise floor of -174 dBm represent?
- E4C06How much does increasing a receiver’s bandwidth from 50 Hz to 1,000 Hz increase the receiver’s noise floor?
- E4C07What does the MDS of a receiver represent?
- E4C08An SDR receiver is overloaded when input signals exceed what level?
- E4C09Which of the following choices is a good reason for selecting a high IF for a superheterodyne HF or VHF communications receiver?
- E4C10What is an advantage of having a variety of receiver bandwidths from which to select?
- E4C11Why does input attenuation reduce receiver overload on the lower frequency HF bands with little or no impact on signal-to-noise ratio?
- E4C12How does a narrow-band roofing filter affect receiver performance?
- E4C13What is reciprocal mixing?
- E4C14What is the purpose of the receiver IF Shift control?
Group E4D
- E4D01What is meant by the blocking dynamic range of a receiver?
- E4D02Which of the following describes problems caused by poor dynamic range in a receiver?
- E4D03What creates intermodulation interference between two repeaters in close proximity?
- E4D04Which of the following is used to reduce or eliminate intermodulation interference in a repeater caused by a nearby transmitter?
- E4D06What is the term for the reduction in receiver sensitivity caused by a strong signal near the received frequency?
- E4D07Which of the following reduces the likelihood of receiver desensitization?
- E4D08What causes intermodulation in an electronic circuit?
- E4D09What is the purpose of the preselector in a communications receiver?
- E4D10What does a third-order intercept level of 40 dBm mean with respect to receiver performance?
- E4D11Why are odd-order intermodulation products, created within a receiver, of particular interest compared to other products?
- E4D12What is the link margin in a system with a transmit power level of 10 W (+40 dBm), a system antenna gain of 10 dBi, a cable loss of 3 dB, a path loss of 136 dB, a receiver minimum discernable signal of -103 dBm, and a required signal-to-noise ratio of 6 dB?
- E4D13What is the received signal level with a transmit power of 10 W (+40 dBm), a transmit antenna gain of 6 dBi, a receive antenna gain of 3 dBi, and a path loss of 100 dB?
- E4D14What power level does a receiver minimum discernible signal of -100 dBm represent?
Group E4E
- E4E01What problem can occur when using an automatic notch filter (ANF) to remove interfering carriers while receiving CW signals?
- E4E02Which of the following types of noise can often be reduced by a digital noise reduction?
- E4E03Which of the following types of noise are removed by a noise blanker?
- E4E04How can conducted noise from an automobile battery charging system be suppressed?
- E4E05What is used to suppress radio frequency interference from a line-driven AC motor?
- E4E06What type of electrical interference can be caused by computer network equipment?
- E4E07Which of the following can cause shielded cables to radiate or receive interference?
- E4E08What current flows equally on all conductors of an unshielded multiconductor cable?
- E4E09What undesirable effect can occur when using a noise blanker?
- E4E10Which of the following can create intermittent loud roaring or buzzing AC line interference?
- E4E11What could be the cause of local AM broadcast band signals combining to generate spurious signals on the MF or HF bands?
- E4E12What causes interference received as a series of carriers at regular intervals across a wide frequency range?
- E4E13Where should a station AC surge protector be installed?
- E4E14What is the purpose of a single point ground panel?