Extra exam question E2E11
Subelement E2, OPERATING PROCEDURES· Group E2E
What is the difference between direct FSK and audio FSK?
- A.Direct FSK modulates the transmitter VFO (correct answer)
- B.Direct FSK occupies less bandwidth
- C.Direct FSK can transmit higher baud rates
- D.All these choices are correct
WhyDirect FSK modulates the transmitter's own variable frequency oscillator directly, while audio FSK generates the shift in audio fed into an SSB transmitter. Direct FSK shifts the transmitter's own variable frequency oscillator (VFO) directly between the two data frequencies, while audio FSK instead generates the shifting tones in audio and feeds them into an SSB transmitter to be upconverted, answer A. Direct FSK isn't inherently narrower in bandwidth or capable of higher baud rates purely because of how it's generated, those depend on other factors, so "all these choices" overstates the actual difference.
Published 2026-08-28 · Last updated 2026-08-28 · Question text is verbatim from the 2024-2028 NCVEC Element 4 pool (public domain); the explanation above is original writing, see our methodology.
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