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General exam question G9B05

Subelement G9, ANTENNAS AND FEED LINES· Group G9B

G9B05

How does antenna height affect the azimuthal radiation pattern of a horizontal dipole HF antenna at elevation angles higher than about 45 degrees?

  • A.If the antenna is too high, the pattern becomes unpredictable
  • B.Antenna height has no effect on the pattern
  • C.If the antenna is less than 1/2 wavelength high, the azimuthal pattern is almost omnidirectional (correct answer)
  • D.If the antenna is less than 1/2 wavelength high, radiation off the ends of the wire is eliminated

WhyA horizontal dipole HF antenna less than 1/2 wavelength high has an azimuthal radiation pattern that is almost omnidirectional at elevation angles higher than about 45 degrees. A horizontal dipole mounted less than about half a wavelength above ground loses much of the sharp broadside/end-null shape it would have in free space at high elevation angles, and its azimuthal pattern at those high angles becomes nearly omnidirectional, answer C. Going higher doesn't make the pattern "unpredictable," antenna height clearly does affect the pattern (so it isn't simply irrelevant), and a low dipole doesn't eliminate off-the-end radiation, if anything the pattern becomes rounder rather than more directional, so A, B, and D are wrong.

Published 2026-08-28 · Last updated 2026-08-28 · Question text is verbatim from the 2023-2027 NCVEC Element 3 pool (public domain); the explanation above is original writing, see our methodology.

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